ENTERPRISES AND UNIVERSITIES OF THE REGION: THE FORMS OF NETWORK INTERACTIONS

The article looks into relevant problems of interaction between enterprises and universities in the Russian regions. The importance of studying such problems is based on a set of discrepancies between social and economic conditions and managerial models defining the character and dynamics of network interactions between companies and Russian universities. The article is based on the analysis of the results of sociological research project «Forming a Non-Linear Model of the Russian Higher Education in the Region in the Context of Economic and Social Instability». Based on the empirical sociological database of Sverdlovsk region authors aim at evaluating interaction of existing universities with enterprises -drivers of regional economy considering stability, efficacy and development opportunities of existing practices in the macro-region. Theoretical importance of the research is in the use of institutional approach to the analysis of the connection between enterprises and higher education, reviewing institutional functions of interaction between regional enterprises and universities (functions of social, economic, innovational and sociocultural development, reproduction and regulation of professional/personnel structure) The article presents the results of an expert poll. Respondents included executives, top - managers, vice - directors of the leading regional enterprises functioning in five administrative districts (N=124). Expert poll covered no less than 90 % of enterprises supporting regional labor market and being main employers in all administrative districts of Mid-Urals. The novelty of the research is in the analysis of modern rends, forms and areas of interaction between universities and regional enterprises, structural differences of existing practices of their cooperation, critical evaluation of perspectives and prerequisites of its effective development. Analysis of expert opinions allowed for making several conclusions: 1) The most effective and efficient cooperation practices between universities and enterprises of Sverdlovsk region are traditional forms where enterprises act as employers. 2) Enterprises and universities do not see each other as innovative development factor and are not ready for mutual cooperation as a way of forming regional innovative environment. Experts do not expect serious changes in integration processes uniting education, science and manufacturing in the macro-region (nearest and remote perspective). 3) Real employment sector in major industrial region represented by enterprises management does not see universities as a factor of social and cultural development of professional business - community and there is no context for social development of the territory. 4) A peculiar feature of Sverdlovsk region enterprises management culture is its unpreparedness to establish horizontal links with universities and lack of understanding which resources can be exchanged during such interaction right now. It does not want to see universities in a functional role of knowledge and innovation practices bearer and a full - scale participant of manufacturing process. Practical importance of the process is defined by the fact that we get an understanding of real partnership between higher education and business in industrial Russian region complemented with the analysis of expert solutions aimed at creating environment for successful development of network interaction between universities and enterprises as key stakeholders in the regional space. Conclusions made during the research can be applied to other old industrial regions of the country.

higher education system, enterprise, institutional development, institutional interaction, non-linear model of education, network interaction

1. Актуальные проблемы трансформации высшего образования в макрорегионе / под ред. Г. Е. Зборовского. Екатеринбург: Гуманитарный университет, 2017. 400 с.

2. Кларк Б. Р. Создание предпринимательских университетов: организационные направления трансформации. М.: ГУ ВШЭ, 2011. 240 с.

3. Kaklauskas A., Banaitis A., Ferreira F. A. F., Ferreira J. J. M., Amaratunga D., Lepkova N., Ubarte I., Banaitiene N. An Evaluation System for University-Industry Partnership Sustainability: Enhancing Options for Entrepreneurial Universities, available at: http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/1/119 (accessed 31.05.2018).

4. Rajalo S., Vadi M. University-Industry Innovation Collaboration: Reconceptualization, Technovation, 2017, vol. 62-63, pp. 42-54.

5. Schartinger D., Rammer C., Fischer M. M., Frohlich J. Knowledge Interactions between Universities and Industry in Austria: Sectoral Patterns and Determinants, Research Policy, 2002, vol. 31, iss. 3, pp. 303-328.

6. Schaeffer P. R., Dullius A. C., Maldonado R., Zawislak P. A. Types of University-Industry Interaction: a New Approach to Bridge the Gap between Universities and Industries, available at: http://altec2015.nitec.co/altec/papers/595.pdf (accessed 31.05.2018).

7. Cosh A., Hughes A. Never Mind the Quality Feel the Width: University-Industry Links and Government Financial Support for Innovation in Small High-Technology Business in the UK and the USA, Journal of Technology Transfer, 2010, no. 35 (1), pp. 66-91.

8. Goel R. K., GoktepeHulten D., Grimpe C. Who Instigates University-Industry Collaborations? University Scientists versus Firm Employees, Small Business Economics, 2017, vol. 48, iss. 3, pp. 503-524.

9. Бондаренко Н. В. Характер взаимодействия российских компаний и системы высшего образования глазами работодателей. Итоги опроса 2013 г., по данным Левада-центра // Вопросы образования. 2014. № 1. С. 162-175.

10. Ключарев Г. А., Савинков В. И. Востребованность и результативность внедрения инновационной продукции научного взаимодействия вузов, НИИ и компаний. М.: ЦСП и М, 2016. 63 с.

11. Полутин С. В. Интеграция государства, науки и бизнеса в контексте «теории тройной спирали» // Регионология. 2013. № 4 (85). С. 109-112.

12. Копров В. М., Сапир Е. В. Интеграционные процессы в инновационной среде высшей школы // Интеграция образования. 2016. Т. 20. № 3 (84). С. 382-392.

13. Терлыга А. Ф. Университеты как пространство инноваций Уральского региона // Университетское управление: практика и анализ. 2017. Т. 21. № 6 (112). С. 138-141.

14. Шабаева С. В., Кекконен А. Л. Практическое исследование сотрудничества вузов и бизнеса в России и странах EMCOSU // Университетское управление: практика и анализ. 2017. Т. 21. № 6 (112). С. 93-100.

15. Тешев В. А. Дуальное образование как фактор модернизации системы социального партнерства вузов и предприятий // Вестник Адыгейского государственного университета. Серия 1: Регионоведение: философия, история, социология, юриспруденция, политология, культурология. 2014. № 1 (135). С. 144-150.

16. Svirina A., Bagautdinova N., Gafurov I. Interrelation of Real Economy Sector Enterprises with University in Contemporary University Development, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2015, no. 191, pp. 1377-1382.

17. Данилаев Д. П., Маливанов Н. Н. Современные условия и структура взаимодействия вузов, студентов и работодателей // Высшее образование в России. 2017. № 6. С. 29-35.

18. Лощилова М. А. Непрерывная профессиональная подготовка будущих инженеров в условиях сетевой формы реализации образовательных программ // Профессиональное образование в России и за рубежом. 2014. № 3 (15). С. 87-91.

19. Татьянченко Д. В., Воровщиков С. Г. Образовательно-производственное партнерство как форма организации основного высшего и дополнительного образования // Педагогическое образование и наука. 2015. № 5. С. 115-123.

20. Мотовилов О. В. Формирование системы взаимоотношений между вузом и работодателями // Высшее образование в России. 2016. № 11. С. 17-27.

21. Шуклина Е. А., Певная М. В. Высшее образование и институт работодателей: проблемы эффективности межинституциональных взаимодействий // Известия Уральского федерального университета. Серия 1. Проблемы образования, науки и культуры. 2017. Т. 23. № 1 (159). С. 155-163.