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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Университетское управление: практика и анализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>University Management: Practice and Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-6640</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1999-6659</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin»; Non-Commercial Partnership “University Management: Practice and</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15826/umpa.2017.03.036</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umj-92</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ УНИВЕРСИТЕТОВ И БИЗНЕСА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>UNIVERSITY - BUSINESS INTERACTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРОФИЛЬНОСТЬ ТРУДОУСТРОЙСТВА ВЫПУСКНИКОВ ВУЗОВ: АНАЛИЗ ДАННЫХ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЕЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PROFILE-RELEVANT EMPLOYABILITY OF UNIVERSITY GRADUATES: SOCIAL NETWORK DATA ANALYSIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">pavlova.ifmo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казин</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazin</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kazin@corp.ifmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бутаков</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butakov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">alipoov.nb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский национальный исследовательский университет информационных технологий, механики и оптики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Павлова О.Н., Казин Ф.А., Бутаков Н.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павлова О.Н., Казин Ф.А., Бутаков Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlova O.N., Kazin F.A., Butakov N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/92">https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/92</self-uri><abstract><p>В последние годы отечественная стратегия в области высшего образования была направлена на проведение институциональных и инфраструктурных преобразований в вузах через реализацию крупных государственных программ, направленных на повышение конкурентоспособности университетов на международной арене1. Ведущие российские вузы сосредоточились на достижении ключевых показателей эффективности: публикационной активности, цитируемости, доле доходов вуза от научной деятельности, числе иностранных студентов, доле зарубежных преподавателей, числе совместных международных образовательных программ и т. д. Нетрудно заметить, что показатели по научной деятельности в целом носят более объективный и репрезентативный характер, чем показатели по образовательной деятельности. В связи с этим остается неясным ответ на ключевой вопрос: насколько качественно наши вузы выполняют сейчас свое главное предназначение - обеспечение страны высококвалифицированными кадрами, т. е. как эти кадры после окончания университета чувствуют себя на рынке труда. Предметом нашего исследования является проблема профильности трудоустройства выпускников ведущих вузов России - участников Программы 5-100. Данный параметр не относится к ключевым показателям Программы 5-100, но, на наш взгляд, является одним из самых значимых с точки зрения оценки качества образовательной деятельности любого университета. В данной статье мы обращаемся к этой теме с использованием новых количественных данных, почерпнутых из ведущей социальной сети России «Вконтакте». При помощи нашего исследования мы вводим в научный оборот новый источник, который дает доступ к данным, поступающим непосредственно от самих выпускников, без всяких фильтров и посредников. На основании анализа этих данных мы приходим к выводу о том, что более 50 % российских выпускников не работают по специальности после окончания вуза, что, безусловно, отражает слабую связь между содержанием их образования и потребностями рынка труда, а также неудовлетворенность работодателей качеством образования, предоставляемого российскими вузами. Это означает, что даже ведущие вузы страны не обеспечивают необходимый уровень взаимосвязей с работодателями, несмотря на высокий спрос на квалифицированных работников на рынке труда. Мы утверждаем, что проблема непрофильности трудоустройства выпускников вузов России касается всех направлений подготовки и всех регионов страны, а следовательно, носит системный характер. В целом по стране ситуация выглядит примерно одинаково. Вместе с тем, мы фиксируем разницу в уровне профильности трудоустройства между различными предметными направлениями. Самыми успешными с точки зрения профильности трудоустройства являются выпускники программ по предметным областям «медицина» и «математика и информационные технологии». Наименее успешными - выпускники программ в области юриспруденции, а также социально-гуманитарных наук и искусств. Новизна предпринятого исследования состоит в том, что впервые для анализа этой темы во всероссийском масштабе была использована социальная сеть «Вконтакте». Полученные результаты исследования в целом количественно и качественно оказались близкими с результатами предпринятых до нас исследований, предпринятых порталом Superjob.ru и Петрозаводским государственным университетом. Обратившись к одной и той же проблематике, но используя разные источники, мы получили близкие результаты, только с разницей в 5 лет (Superjob.ru - 2007 год, ПетрГУ - 2012 год, Университет ИТМО - 2017 год). Профильность трудоустройства выпускников российских вузов находилась и находится в среднем на уровне 45-50 %. Наша цифра - 46 %. К сожалению, прогресс в этой сфере за последние 5 лет отсутствует. Ключевым выводом исследования является следующий: российская система трудоустройства выпускников вузов разбалансирована и не эффективна. Более 50 % выпускников выходят из вузов России «в никуда». Требуется комплексный подход к организации планирования трудовых ресурсов и, в частности, разработка форсайтов востребованности специалистов по основным направлениям экономики будущего.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Russian educational policy in the recent years has been directed towards realization of institutional and infrastructure transformation of universities. This brought about governmental programmes aimed for development of leading Russian universities and for their competitive growth in the Russian and world markets. Russian universities began competing among themselves to achieve the key performance indicators (KPIs: publication activity, citation ratio, the share of income resulting from scientific activities in the university budget, the number of foreign students, the percentage of foreign teachers, the number of joint international educational programs etc.). It is quite obvious that science-related KPIs are generally more relevant and objective than education-related ones. Therefore, there appears the key question, whether the Russian universities are capable to fulfil their main mission - to provide highly skilled globally completive specialists, who would be able to work in conditions of the innovative knowledge-driven economy and all-world competition. The subject of our research is the profile relevance of employability of the graduates of the leading Russian universities - participants of Project 5-100. This KPI is not formally among the key indicators of Project 5-100, but believably belongs to the most important ones in evaluating the educational quality of any university. In this paper, we address this issue by using the new quantitative data from the biggest Russian social network «Vkontakte». By our research, we are bringing this new source of information to this research domain, and by doing so, we are getting access to data which are generated directly from the graduates themselves without any mediators or filters. On the basis of this information we conclude that more than 50 % of the Russian graduates are not employed according to their specialization after they leave university. This obviously reflects weak correlation between the content of their education and the demands of the employers, and also dissatisfaction of the latter with the quality of education provided by the universities. This means that even the leading Russian universities do not provide the necessary level of links with employers, despite the high demand for the skilled workforce at the labour market. According to the results of the analysis, we can state that the problem of non-educational employment of Russian university graduates concerns all areas of training and all regions of the country, and, therefore, is systemic in its nature. In general, the situation in the country looks approximately the same. There is a difference only in the effectiveness of employment between the various subject areas. The employed in the best way are graduates-physicians and IT-specialists, in the worst way - specialists in social and human sciences and jurisprudence. The novelty of the research is in the fact that the social network «Vkontakte» has never been used before to analyze this topic on the country-wide level. The research results appeared to be quite close in qualitative and quantitative sense to the previously studies, undertaken by the portal of Superjob.ru and by Petrozavodsk State University. Having addressed the same subject, but using different data, we came to comparable conclusions with them, but each time 5 years one after another (Superjob.ru - 2007, Petrozavodsk State University - 2012, ITMO University - 2017). The profile relevance of employability of the graduates of the leading Russian universities keeps being at the same level of 45-50 %. Our version is 46 %. Unfortunately, the visible progress in this area is still absent. The key conclusion of the study is the following: the Russian system of university graduate's employment is unbalanced and not effective. More than 50 % of graduates leave Russian universities «for nowhere». An integrated approach to the organization of labour force planning is required, in particular, to the development of foresights of specialists in the main areas of the future economy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>профильность трудоустройства выпускников</kwd><kwd>социальные сети как источник информации</kwd><kwd>качество образовательной деятельности</kwd><kwd>система поддержки трудоустройства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>profile graduates' employability</kwd><kwd>social networks and sources of information</kwd><kwd>quality of education</kwd><kwd>career support system</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андросова Е. В. Оценка профильности трудоустройства выпускников вузов (гендерный аспект) // Материалы II междунар. науч. конф. «Экономическая наука и практика» (г. Чита, февраль 2013 г.). 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