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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Университетское управление: практика и анализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>University Management: Practice and Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-6640</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1999-6659</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin»; Non-Commercial Partnership “University Management: Practice and</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15826/umpa.2024.04.035</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umj-1920</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫМ ПРОЦЕССОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MANAGING EDUCATIONAL PROCESS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности внедрения индивидуализации в высшем образовании в России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Aspects of Individualization Implementation in Higher Education in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Музыка</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muzyka</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Музыка Павел Александрович – аспирант Института образования.</p><p>101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, д. 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Muzyka – Postgraduate Student of the Institute of Education.</p><p>20 Myasnitskaya str., Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pamuzyka@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Музыка П.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Музыка П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Muzyka P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1920">https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1920</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья исследует представления руководства университетов в России о целях, эффектах и барьерах внедрения индивидуальных образовательных траекторий в учебный процесс. На основе проведения 15 полу-структурированных интервью с представителями руководства российских университетов (проректорами, ди ректорами и заместителями ди ректоров институтов, начальниками управлений) бы ли сделаны выводы относительно ключевых представлений об эффектах, которые полу чили университеты, внедрившие ИОТ. К ним можно отнести экономические (повышение эффективности учебного процесса на младших курсах для большей гибкости на старших), организационно-управленческие (актуализация дисциплин за счет инициативы преподавателей) и мотивационные (повышение вовлеченности студентов). Так же были выявлены противоречия в представлениях тех респондентов, которые имеют опыт внедрения ИОТ, и тех, которые его не имеют. Например, респонденты по-разному оценивают экономические эффекты: внедрившие ИОТ говорят о повышении эффективности процесса, в то время как не внедрившие опасаются повышения затрат из-за индивидуального подхода к студентам. Анализ позволил выделить следующие категории барьеров: консерватизм университетского сообщества, сопротивление изменениям (особенно в части предоставления студенту права свободного выбора), организационно-управленческие проблемы с выстраиванием новых процессов управления, нормативные ограничения существующих стандартов и законов и методическая дилемма поиска баланса между общеобразовательной и профессиональной частями образовательных программ. Результаты исследования вносят вклад в формирование эмпирической базы для более комплексного анализа феномена индивидуальных образовательных траекторий. Выявленные представления об эффектах и противоречия в представлениях респондентов с разным опытом позволяют сделать вывод о необходимости дальнейших исследований эффектов внедрения индивидуализации с использованием более точных методов. Уже имеется существенное количество университетов, запускающих пилотные проекты по внедрению ИОТ, что позволяет собрать лонгитюдные данные для последующего анализа полученных эффектов. Статья будет интересна управленцам высшего звена, которые разрабатывают программы развития своих университетов и анализируют возможность внедрения новой образовательной политики.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article investigates the perceptions of university leadership in Russia regarding the goals, effects, and barriers to the implementation of individualized educational trajectories (IETs) within the educational process. Based on 15 semi-structured interviews conducted with representatives of Russian universities’ administration (vice-rectors, directors, deputy directors of institutes, and heads of departments), conclusions were drawn concerning the key perceptions of the effects experienced by universities that have implemented IETs. These effects include economic (enhanced efficiency of the educational process in lower courses for greater flexibility in upper courses), organizational-management (updating curricula through faculty initiatives), and motivational (increased student engagement). Additionally, contradictions were identified between the perceptions of respondents with experience in implementing IETs and those without such experience. For instance, respondents evaluated economic effects differently: those who implemented IETs reported increased efficiency, while those who did not expressed concerns about rising costs due to the individualized approach to students. The analysis identified several categories of barriers: conservatism within the academic community, resistance to change (particularly regarding granting students the right to free choice), organizational-management issues in establishing new management processes, regulatory constraints imposed by existing standards and laws, and a methodological dilemma in balancing general education and professional components of educational programs. The findings contribute to the empirical foundation for a more comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of individualized educational trajectories. The identified perceptions of effects and contradictions among respondents with varying experiences highlight the necessity for further research into the effects of individualization using more precise methods. A significant number of universities are already initiating pilot projects to implement IETs, which allows for the collection of longitudinal data for subsequent analysis of the obtained effects. This article will be of interest to senior management professionals who are developing their universities’ development programs and analyzing the feasibility of implementing new educational policies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>индивидуализация</kwd><kwd>индивидуальные образовательные траектории</kwd><kwd>ИОТ</kwd><kwd>гибкие образовательные модели</kwd><kwd>управление университетами</kwd><kwd>университетская трансформация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>individualization</kwd><kwd>individualized educational trajectories</kwd><kwd>IETs</kwd><kwd>flexible educational models</kwd><kwd>university management</kwd><kwd>university transformation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Автор выражает искреннюю благодарность научному руководителю, Малошонок Наталье Геннадьевне, за профессиональную поддержку, ценные рекомендации и неизменное руководство в ходе выполнения данного исследования. Ее опыт и советы сыграли важную роль в достижении результатов, представленных в данной статье. Особую признательность автор выражает респондентам, принявшим участие в исследовании, за их время, открытость и готовность поделиться своими знаниями и опытом. Их вклад стал неоценимым источником данных, которые легли в основу анализа и выводов данной работы</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The author expresses sincere gratitude to the academic supervisor, Natalia Genadievna Maloshonok, for her professional support, valuable recommendations, and unwavering guidance throughout this research. Her expertise and advice played a crucial role in achieving the results presented in this article. The author also extends special appreciation to the respondents who participated in the study for their time, openness, and willingness to share their knowledge and experiences. 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