References

umj

Университетское управление: практика и анализ

University Management: Practice and Analysis

1999-66401999-6659

Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin»; Non-Commercial Partnership “University Management: Practice and

10.15826/umpa.2022.03.022

umj-1532

Research Article

КАДРОВОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ НАУКИ И ОТРАСЛЕЙ

STAFF DEVELOPMENT IN SCIENCE AND INDUSTRIES

Опыт подготовки аспирантов в странах постсоветского региона: от единой модели к разнообразию подходов

Doctoral Education in Post-Soviet Countries: From a Unified Model to Variety of Approaches

Сотникова

М. И.

Sotnikova

M. I.

Сотникова Мария Игоревна – аспирант, стажер-исследователь

109028, Москва, Покровский бульвар, 11

Maria I. Sotnikova – Doctoral Student, Research Assistant in the Center for Institutional Studies

11 Pokrovsky avenue, Moscow, 109028

msotnikova@hse.ru

Институт институциональных исследований национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияCenter for Institutional Studies of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University)Russian Federation

2022

11122022

2636782

2022

Сотникова М.И.

Sotnikova M.I.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1532

В статье анализируется институциональный ландшафт аспирантуры СССР последних лет существования, а также стран постсоветского пространства современности. В работе описывается практика подготовки научных кадров в странах постсоветского пространства, выделяются общие характеристики, обусловленные наследием советской системы, и особенности моделей отдельных стран. Эмпирическую базу исследования формируют архивные статистические данные СССР, нормативно-правовые акты и данные статистических служб, министерств и ведомств постсоветских стран. С помощью статистического анализа осуществляется оценка институциональной структуры и масштабов аспирантских школ, выбранных для исследования стран. Ключевым ограничением является дефицит необходимых для анализа статистических данных и нормативно-правовых актов по ряду стран. В результате исследования выявлено, что большинство постсоветских стран сохраняют черты советской аспирантуры по сей день. При этом на общем фоне выделяются страны Прибалтики, а также Грузия и Казахстан, чьи модели институционального устройства кардинальным образом отличаются от модели аспирантуры СССР.

The article analyses the institutional landscape of doctoral education in the Soviet Union in the last years of its existence as well as in the countries of the post-Soviet space. We describe the practice of academic personnel training in the post-Soviet countries, highlighting the general characteristics determined by the Soviet legacy, along with the unique patterns of the countries. The empirical base of the study is formed by the Soviet Union archival statistical data, legal acts, and data of the statistical services, ministries, and departments of the post-Soviet countries. Statistical analysis is used to assess the institutional structure and scale of the postgraduate schools in the considered countries. The research reveals that most of the post-Soviet countries have preserved the features of the Soviet postgraduate school, while very few countries have created models of institutional structure with a fundamentally different configuration of doctoral education in comparison with the Soviet Union.

докторантураподготовка кандидатов наукпостсоветский регионвысшее образование и научные секторы

doctoral educationPhD trainingpost-Soviet regionhigher education and science sectors

Исследование проводилось при поддержке Российского научного фонда (Проект № 20-18-00140)

The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Project No. 20-18-00140.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.