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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Университетское управление: практика и анализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>University Management: Practice and Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-6640</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1999-6659</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin»; Non-Commercial Partnership “University Management: Practice and</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15826/umpa.2022.03.019</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umj-1529</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРАТЕГИИ УНИВЕРСИТЕТОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STRATEGIES OF UNIVERSITIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Наука под санкциями: опыт иранских  университетов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Science under Sanctions:  the Experience of Iranian Universities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дежина</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dezhina</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дежина Ирина Геннадиевна – доктор экономических наук, руководитель департамента анализа научно-технологического развития</p><p>121205, Москва, Территория инновационного центра «Сколково», Большой бульвар 30, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina G. Dezhina – Doctor of Economics, Head of Department of Analysis of S&amp;T Development</p><p>30 Bolshoy Boulevard, bld. 1, Territory of Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow, 121205</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.dezhina@skoltech.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сколковский институт науки и технологий</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дежина И.Г., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дежина И.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dezhina I.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1529">https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1529</self-uri><abstract><p>В исследовательской статье анализируется развитие науки в университетах Ирана в условиях многолетних санкций, а также опыт, который может быть полезным для российских вузов. В центре исследования – этапы, цели и результаты научной политики Ирана, касающейся университетов. В работе предложена авторская типология санкций, затрагивающих науку в университетах, и рассмотрены меры их преодоления. Данная типология применима и к российским университетам. Практики работы иранских университетов в условиях санкций верифицированы и уточнены по данным экспертного опроса, проведенного среди исследователей иранского происхождения, работающих в российских вузах. Анализ научной политики Ирана показал, что она ориентировалась на высокие показатели количественного роста: в первую очередь, публикационной активности и вхождения университетов в международные рейтинги. Затем акценты сместились на усиление практической отдачи от науки в университетах и развитие международной кооперации. Университеты смогли нарастить число публикаций, однако для страны характерен «инновационный парадокс», при котором научные результаты вносят недостаточный вклад в экономический рост. Санкции выступают одним из сдерживающих факторов, тем более, что университеты должны самостоятельно находить способы их преодоления. Важную роль играет иранская научная диаспора, сложившаяся, в основном, в странах с развитой наукой – в первую очередь, в США. Именно через диаспору университетам удается оставаться включенными в международное научное сотрудничество, хотя одновременно это и способствует «утечке умов». Статья может быть интересна исследователям, изучающим проблемы развития науки и университетов в условиях санкций, а также менеджерам университетов, занимающимся вопросами международного научного сотрудничества</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The research article analyzes how science in Iranian universities has evolved during years of sanctions, and what Russian universities can learn from this experience. The study focuses on the periods, goals, and outcomes of the state science policy in Iran toward universities. The author has developed the typology of sanctions affecting scientific research in universities and systematized measures used to overcome them. This typology applies to Russian universities as well. The practices of Iranian universities aimed at overcoming sanctions have been verified and clarified using the data from an expert survey conducted among researchers of Iranian origin working in Russian universities.</p><p>The analysis has shown that the government policy was oriented towards achieving quantitative goals, related mostly to publication activity and the inclusion of universities in international rankings. Later the emphasis shifted to strengthening the practical impact of university science, as well as to the development of international cooperation. Universities were able to increase the publication output but barely contributed to economic growth. Sanctions are the limiting factor, especially since universities had to find by themselves ways to overcome them. Iranian academic diaspora, especially in the United States, played an important role in this process, and Iranian universities manage to remain included in international scientific cooperation.</p><p>The article may be of interest to researchers studying the problems of scientific development under sanctions, as well as to university managers dealing with international scientific cooperation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государственная научная политика</kwd><kwd>санкции</kwd><kwd>университеты</kwd><kwd>Иран</kwd><kwd>экономика сопротивления</kwd><kwd>научная диаспора</kwd><kwd>результативность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>government science policy</kwd><kwd>sanctions</kwd><kwd>universities</kwd><kwd>Iran</kwd><kwd>economy of resistance</kwd><kwd>scientific diaspora</kwd><kwd>performance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шугуров М . 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