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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Университетское управление: практика и анализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>University Management: Practice and Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-6640</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1999-6659</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin»; Non-Commercial Partnership “University Management: Practice and</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15826/umpa.2022.02.015</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umj-1508</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАДРЫ УНИВЕРСИТЕТСКОЙ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>UNIVERSITY SCIENCE STAFF</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Как устроен прием в аспирантуру в российских вузах?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>How is Doctoral Students’ Admission Arranged at Russian Universities?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жучкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuchkova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жучкова Светлана Васильевна – аспирант, младший научный сотрудник Центра социологии высшего образования</p><p>101000, Москва, Потаповский переулок, 16, стр. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Zhuchkova – PhD Student, Junior Research Fellow, Center for Sociology of Higher Education</p><p>16/10 Potapovskiy lane, Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">szhuchkova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University «Higher School of Economics»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жучкова С.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жучкова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhuchkova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1508">https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1508</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе исследуются правила и процедуры отбора абитуриентов на аспирантские программы российских вузов. Неэффективность отбора часто становится предметом обсуждения в дискуссии о низкой результативности российской аспирантуры, однако структурированной информации о существующих правилах и процедурах до сих пор не представлено. Настоящее исследование закрывает этот пробел. С помощью количественного контент-анализа локальных правил приема 150 случайных российских вузов в работе оценивается распространенность различных практик проведения вступительных испытаний и учета индивидуальных достижений поступающих. Описание строится в разрезе двух групп вузов: имеющих и не имеющих особые статусы (федеральные, национальные исследовательские, опорные, участники программы «5-100»), поскольку наличие подобного статуса предполагает реализацию мер, направленных на развитие аспирантуры и повышение востребованности вуза со стороны поступающих. Результаты исследования показывают, что, несмотря на отсутствие нормативных ограничений по выбору инструментов приема, для российских вузов характерно проведение отбора аспирантов на основе довольно формальных процедур: традиционных экзаменов (зачастую – устных по билетам), учета индивидуальных достижений (статьи, патенты, диплом с отличием). Более гибкие инструменты, позволяющие содержательно оценить мотивацию абитуриента, его исследовательский опыт и планы на диссертацию, распространенные за рубежом, в России встречаются крайне редко и чаще применяются в вузах с особыми статусами. Результаты проведенного исследования могут быть полезны руководителям отделов аспирантур российских вузов, а также другим сотрудникам, вовлеченным в процесс приема аспирантов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper examines the rules and procedures of the doctoral students’ admission at Russian universities. The inefficiency of the selection process often becomes the subject of discussion in the studies devoted to the low performance of Russian doctoral education, but these studies lack structured information about the current rules and procedures. The present research closes this gap. Using the quantitative content analysis of the local admission rules of 150 random Russian universities, we estimated the prevalence of various admission practices. Two groups of universities are compared in the study: those with and those without special statuses (federal, national research, flagship, participants of the «5-100» program), since the presence of such a status implies that the university implements a set of measures aimed at developing doctoral programs and increasing the graduate students’ demand. The results of the study show that despite the absence of the regulatory restrictions on the choice of selection tools, Russian universities tend to choose fairly formal procedures: traditional exams and consideration of the individual achievements (papers, patents, diploma with honors). More flexible tools to assess the applicant’s motivation, his or her research experience, and plans for a dissertation are extremely rare and appear in universities with special statuses. The results of the research can be useful for the heads of the doctoral education departments at Russian universities, as well as for other staff involved in the process of the doctoral students’ admission.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аспирантура</kwd><kwd>ведущие вузы</kwd><kwd>вступительные испытания</kwd><kwd>индивидуальные достижения</kwd><kwd>прием в аспирантуру</kwd><kwd>отбор в аспирантуру</kwd><kwd>эффективность аспирантуры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>doctoral education</kwd><kwd>leading universities</kwd><kwd>entrance examinations</kwd><kwd>individual achievements</kwd><kwd>admission</kwd><kwd>selection of applicants</kwd><kwd>efficiency of doctoral education</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Терентьев Е. А., Кузьминов Я. И., Фрумин И. Д. Наука без молодежи? Кризис аспирантуры и возможности его преодоления. 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