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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Университетское управление: практика и анализ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>University Management: Practice and Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1999-6640</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1999-6659</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin»; Non-Commercial Partnership “University Management: Practice and</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15826/umpa.2021.02.015</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umj-1368</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЦИФРОВАЯ СРЕДА ВУЗА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>UNIVERSITY DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие цифровых навыков у студентов вузов: де-юре vs де-факто</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fostering University Students’  Digital Skills: De Jure vs De Facto</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2133-5566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриев</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitriev</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитриев Ярослав Владимирович – кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Художественно-техническое оформление печатной продукции»</p><p>107023, Москва, ул. Б. Семеновская, 38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yaroslav V. Dmitriev – PhD (Engineering), Associate Professor, Department of Artistic and Technical Design of Printed Products</p><p>38 Bolshaya Semyonovskaya str., Moscow, 107023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yarky2006@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-2566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алябин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alyabin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алябин Иван Александрович – руководитель местной общественной организации – первичной профсоюзной организации обучающихся Сеченовского университета</p><p>119048, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Alyabin – Head of the Local Public Organization – the Primary Trade Union Organization of Students of Sechenov University</p><p>8/2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.sechenov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6984-3733</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бровко</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brovko</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бровко Елизавета Игоревна – координатор отдела развития цифровой грамотности Дирекции независимой оценки компетенций Центра компетенций по кадрам для цифровой экономики</p><p>123242, Москва, М. Конюшковский пер., д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta I. Brovko – Coordinator, Department of the Development of Digital Literacy, Directorate for Independent Evaluation of the HR Competencies, Competence Center for Digital Economy</p><p>2 Malyi Konyushkovskiy lane, Moscow, 123242</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">E.Brovko@digitalSkills.center</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5661-5758</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Двинина</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvinina</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Двинина Светлана Юрьевна – кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры теоретического и прикладного языкознания</p><p>454001, Челябинск, ул. Братьев Кашириных, 129</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana Yu. Dvinina – PhD (Philology), Associate Professor, Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics</p><p>129 Bratyev Kashirinykh str., Chelyabinsk, 454001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lana-dvinska@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3438-1457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демьянова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demyanova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демьянова Ольга Владимировна – доктор экономических наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой экономики производства</p><p>420111, Казань, ул. Кремлевская, 18</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Demyanova – Dr. hab. (Economics), Professor, Head of the Department of Production Economics</p><p>18 Kremlevskaya str., Kazan, 420111</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">89053185835@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АНО «Университет 2035»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ANO «University 2035»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Челябинский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chelyabinsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дмитриев Я.В., Алябин И.А., Бровко Е.И., Двинина С.Ю., Демьянова О.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дмитриев Я.В., Алябин И.А., Бровко Е.И., Двинина С.Ю., Демьянова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dmitriev Y.V., Alyabin I.A., Brovko E.I., Dvinina S.Y., Demyanova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1368">https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1368</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной исследовательской статье рассматривается вопрос формирования цифровых навыков в процессе обучения у студентов, осваивающих в вузах различные направления подготовки. Обсуждается ситуация с наличием специфических, актуальных для конкретных направлений подготовки, и сквозных, общих, цифровых навыков, формируемых за пределами связанных с ИТ-индустрией направлений подготовки. Высказано предположение, что во всех направлениях подготовки заложена «подушка» общих цифровых навыков, которая может быть закреплена как де-юре – в методической и нормативной базе образовательного процесса, так и де-факто – в практиках обучения. Входе исследования определена рамка общих и специфических цифровых навыков. Для проверки гипотез анализируются две группыданных: нормативная иметодическая базыобразовательных программ (развитие де-юре) и результатыанкетирования студентов, позволяющего определить, как интегрированы практики развития и использования цифровых навыков в их учебе (развитие де-факто). Исследование проводилось по семи направлениям подготовки с заведомо широким диапазоном – от медицины до информационных технологий и филологии. Показано, что цифровые навыки де-юре отражены во всех направлениях подготовки, но нормативное закрепление преимущественно имеют общие, а не специфические цифровые навыки. Установлено наличие разрыва между де-юре и де-факто развитием цифровых навыков, данный разрыв варьируется на различных направлениях подготовки. Результаты исследования могут быть полезны в разработке стратегий развития цифровых навыков в вузах, а также при корректировке методической базы образовательных программ в части развития цифровых навыков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the problem of within-the-education-process fostering digital skills among university students of various training programs. The specific skills (relevant to a particular sphere) are differentiated from the general ones (digital skills formed beyond the IT industry). The authors suggest that all training programs contain a «pillow» of general digital skills, which can be fixed both de jure – in the methodological and regulatory bases of the educational process, and de facto – in teaching practices. The study identifies a framework for general and specific digital skills. To test the hypotheses, two groups of data are analyzed: the normative and methodological bases of educational programs (fostering skills de jure) and students’ questionnaire answers on how the practices of developing and using digital skills in their studies are integrated (fostering skills de facto). The research is carried out in seven programs with obviously wide differences – from medicine to information technology and philology. The research has shown that digital skills are de jure represented in all programs, but normative consolidation is more typical for general skills, not for specific digital ones. There is identified a gap between de jure and de facto fostering digital skills, and this gap is various for different programs. The research results can be used in universities when designing strategies to form digital skills or when modifying such skills-related methodological bases of training programs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цифровые навыки</kwd><kwd>высшее образование</kwd><kwd>практики обучения</kwd><kwd>рамка цифровых навыков</kwd><kwd>ИТ-индустрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>digital skills</kwd><kwd>higher education</kwd><kwd>teaching practices</kwd><kwd>digital skills framework</kwd><kwd>IT industry</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают особую благодарность Вере Андреевне Мальцевой, научному сотруднику Института образования НИУ ВШЭ, за подробные консультации и поддержку при проведении исследования и подготовке текста статьи. Также авторы выражают признательность проректору по учебной работе Московского политехнического университета Гюзель Харрясовне Шарипзяновой и начальнику управления маркетинга Московского Политеха Сергею Юрьевичу Рясову – за помощь в сборе эмпирических данных, а рецензентам –  за ценные замечания в ходе подготовки данной статьи к публикации.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors would like to express special gratitude to Vera A. Maltseva, Research Fellow at the  Institute of Education, National Research University Higher School of Economics, for detailed advice and support during  the research and preparation of the article text. We also express our gratitude to Guzel Kh. Sharipzyanova, Vice-Rector  for Academic Affairs of Moscow Polytechnic University, and to Sergei Yu. Ryasov, Head of the Marketing Department  of Moscow Polytechnic University, for their help in collecting empirical data. 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