umjУниверситетское управление: практика и анализUniversity Management: Practice and Analysis1999-66401999-6659Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin»; Non-Commercial Partnership “University Management: Practice and10.15826/umpa.2020.04.040umj-1294Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И КОНФЕРЕНЦИИCONFERENCES & REVIEWSОценка академической мобильности исследователей: возможности и ограничения существующих подходовAcademic Mobility Assessment: the Strengths and Limitations of Different ApproachesКрячкоВ. И.KryachkoV. I.

Крячко Виктория Игоревна – аспирант факультета экономических наук, младший научный сотрудник Института институциональных исследований

101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, 20+7 495 772-95-90 доб. 126-63 

Victoria I. Kryachko – PhD Student, Faculty of Economic Science; Junior Research Fellow, Center for Institutional Studies

20 Myasnitskaya str, Moscow, 101000+7 495 772-95-90 ext. 126-63 

vkryachko@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsRussian Federation202027022021244130145Copyright © Крячко В.И., 20212021Крячко В.И.Kryachko V.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.umj.ru/jour/article/view/1294

В статье рассматриваются методологические подходы к оценке академической мобильности исследователей как к смене ими работодателя в рамках академической среды. Академическая мобильность исследователей является фактором научной продуктивности, обеспечивает трансфер знаний, обновление научных идей, в целом способствует активному развитию высшего образования и науки. Однако в контексте России феномен академической мобильности исследователей изучен недостаточно и требует оценки как уровня мобильности в целом, так и ее факторов и последствий. Источников данных об академической мобильности исследователей не так много, а извлечение информации из них часто проблематично, и все это затрудняет эмпирическую оценку данного феномена. Настоящая обзорная статья является первым шагом по ликвидации пробела в эмпирических исследованиях академической мобильности в России: автором предлагается подробный анализ методологических подходов к ее оценке (опросы, резюме, библиометрический и комбинированный подходы). В статье обобщается опыт практического применения данных подходов, выявляются преимущества и недостатки каждого из них, а также проводится их сравнительный анализ.

Согласно полученным результатам автором сделаны выводы о том, что универсальный подход к оценке академической мобильности исследователей отсутствует, а современным подходам в этой сфере, нацеленным на изучение причинно-следственных связей, в наибольшей степени удовлетворяет библиометрический подход, обеспечивающий большой объем и репрезентативность выборки, воспроизводимость результатов исследования и доступ к оценке факторов мобильности.

Данная работа поможет исследователям науки и высшего образования выбрать наиболее подходящий для их целей подход к оценке академической мобильности и учесть множество нюансов практического применения каждого подхода в процессе планирования исследования.

The article discusses methodological approaches to measuring academic mobility when a researcher changes his place of work within the academic environment. Researchers’ academic mobility is a factor of their productivity, it provides knowledge transfer, renews scientific ideas, and in general contributes to the active development of higher education and science. However, in Russia the phenomenon of academic mobility is not studied sufficiently and demands an estimation of both mobility as a whole, and its factors, and its consequences. There are not many data sources on mobility, and getting corresponding information is often problematic – these factors make it difficult to empirically measure researchers’ academic mobility. This review might be the first step towards filling the gap in empirical research on academic mobility in Russia. The author suggests a detailed analysis of academic mobility assessment methodologies, including surveys, CVs, bibliometric and combined approaches. The article summarizes the experience of practical approaches application, identifies advantages and disadvantages of each of them, and provides their comparative analysis. The author comes to the conclusion that in the absence of a unique approach to measuring the academic mobility, the bibliometric approach, which provides large representative samplings, research results reproducibility, and greater possibilities of mobility factors assessment, best meets the goals of modern research on causality of academic mobility. This paper should help those who study science and higher education in selecting the most suitable approach to academic mobility measurement and in considering a number of nuances of each approach as practically applied in the research planning process.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.